Financial access for immigrants: the challenges and opportunities facing U.S. depository institutions

Immigrants

The Contribution of Solid Food on Total Water Intake in 3-13 y Children

Introduction: Adequate hydration is important element of good health. Several studies indicate that the majority of kids are hypohydrated and do not meet dietary water intake guidelines. Some scientist also suggest that good hydration might be achieved by large consumption of food that are rich in water (i.e. fruits and vegetables). However, the information of food consumption on total water intake in children is limited. Purpose: We evaluated the contribution of water from solid food on total water intake in children. Methodology: For this cross-sectional study 81 children (35 female) 3 to 13 years old were randomly recruited to participate. Detailed food and liquid diet for two days was recorded. The nutritional analysis software NDSR was used to calculate water intake and data are presented as average of the two days. Results: Data showed that 50 out of 81 participants (62%) did not met Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) total water intake guidelines. Children who met IOMs recommendation drank more total water (2,527±694 ml) than the ones that did not meet the guidelines (1,315±375 ml, PPP2=0.60, P2=0.18, P\u3c0.0001). Discussion: Even though the data indicated that water content of solid food contributed 28% of TWI water from food was not different between the kids that met or did not met the dietary water guidelines. Also, higher plain water intake was associated stronger to total water intake than water from food. Our data might indicate the water from solid food is not a very strong determinant of appropriate water intake

Furanic Molecules: Multiplexed Synchrotron Photoionization Investigations and Aerosol Studies

The oxidation reactions of 2-methylfuran (2MF) and 2-ethylfuran (2EF) initiated by Cl radicals is studied at the low temperatures, in addition to the determination of the absolute photoionization cross-sections of 2EF, 2-acetylfuran, and furfural. These experiments are carried out using synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry (SPIMS) with an orthogonal time-of-flight spectrometer used for mass analysis at the Advanced Light Source of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. CBS-QB3 calculated adiabatic ionization energies (AIE) agree well with the experimental results and published literature values. Furfural is found to be the dominant product of 2MF oxidation, with 2-acetylfuran and 2-vinylfuran being the dominant products of the 2EF oxidation reaction. Additional experiments are employed to observe how 2MF would act as an aerosol in the atmosphere

A Three Month Study of the Play Habits of the Warsaw Elementary School Children Kaufman County, Texas

The purpose of this study is to show or point out the play habits of the elementary school children between the ages of six and twelve years. It aims to show how different play materials affect age levels in regard to diversity of interest in materials. It aims to stimulate greater interest in the appreciation of play of the elementary school child. To study the play habits and discover the differences in the use of play materials of children between the ages of six and twelve years, the following plan was used: 1. To observe the children of the elementary school in free play situation. The element of interference of other children as a hindrance in a child\u27s free choice of materials was taken into consideration. 2. To record the time which each child spent in certain games or with play materials during: a given period of time (3 months). Then a summary of games played and materials used was made. An observation of the use to which the play materials were put by the child was also made

Is This Going to Be the End? Understanding Problematic Integration Among Appalachian Patients in Colorectal Cancer Screening Navigation

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is preventable through regular screening; however, incidence and mortality rates in Appalachia are among the highest in the United States. Public health programs and interventions meant to mitigate the higher CRC burden and increase screening rates are ongoing in the U.S. and Appalachia. In continuing the efforts to reduce the burden of CRC in Appalachian communities, this dissertation uses a two-part study to investigate communication practices relative to problematic integration and health beliefs in CRC screening conversations from the perspective of both patients and patient navigators in the region. As part of efforts directed by the Rural Cancer Prevention Center (RCPC; 2009-2019), patients who received a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and the patient navigators assigned to connect them with direct visualization follow-up testing were interviewed one-on-one to better understand the role of problematic integration in CRC screening communication. Study 1 investigates patient navigators\u27 (n = 9) perspectives of their efforts to connect patients with appropriate CRC screening, while Study 2 analyzes the accounts of patients (n = 10) with positive FIT who refused follow- up colonoscopy testing (at the time of recruitment) after engaging in patient navigation services. With problematic integration theory and the health belief model as a guide, data from these two studies in the Appalachian Kentucky context support an overarching model for how patient navigators and patients address uncertainty in CRC screening. Analyzing these phenomena at the intersection of communication and health behavior theories highlights the utility of health communication research expertise in guiding interventions across the healthcare continuum. In addition, data from the studies may be used to understand the nature of participation in CRC screening conversations and how these dynamics contribute to patient-centered care and shared decision-making, which is especially important with the additional challenges for screening exacerbated by a global COVID-19 pandemic. The findings from these studies are discussed in terms of contributing to more effective clinical and patient navigation communication practices and providing public health practitioners with essential considerations for shaping interventions to support shared decision-making and improve CRC screening rates in similar populations

The Presence Is an Essential Function Myth: The ADA\u27s Trapdoor for the Chronically Ill

In nearly all cases, long-term chronic illnesses satisfy the ADA\u27s broad definition of disability. However, when these illnesses begin to cause absenteeism, the presence is an essential function rule effectively denies protection to the victims of these illnesses, as they are no longer qualified individuals under the ADA regardless of whether they satisfy the technical requirements for a position. The idea that presence is an essential function is a myth because (1) it erroneously assumes that most jobs can be performed only at the worksite, and (2) virtually all employers are able to, and do, accommodate some degree of employee absenteeism. Thus, this Comment argues that the presence is an essential function rule is unsound. The courts should discard this rule and, instead, ask the question that is mandated by the ADA: Can the chronically ill employee be accommodated? This approach is appropriate for four reasons: First, the unnecessarily broad and sweeping language that presence is an essential function is both unnecessary and misleading. Second, the ADA and its interpretive regulations mandate fact-intensive, casespecific inquiries in order to satisfy the ADA\u27s goal of making employment opportunities available to the maximum number of disabled individuals. Third, it is the disabled individual, not his or her absenteeism, that must be accommodated. Finally, numerous reasonable accommodations exist for individuals with disability-related absenteeism. Part II of this Comment will describe the legislative history and provisions of Title I of the ADA. It will also trace the evolution of the qualified individual and the duty to accommodate, as well as the emergence of the presence is an essential function myth. Part III will describe how the courts\u27 invention and continued application of the presence is an essential function myth is contrary to the purposes of the ADA. Finally, Part IV will offer an appropriate approach to analyzing cases involving disability-related absenteeism

In the balance: report of a research study exploring information for weight management

This paper uses findings from a research study called Net.Weight to examine the concepts of interaction, information quality and Internet-based information from the perspective of people engaged in managing their weight. The Net.Weight study was a two-year project funded by the British government 19s Department of Health and located in the city of Brighton and Hove. It examined the potential for increased, innovative and effective uses of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to support the self management of weight. The study had several inter-related research strands and the findings discussed in the paper emerged primarily from participatory learning workshops and evaluative interviews. The paper demonstrates that the interaction between people is an important aspect of the information process, which is often neglected in the literature. It suggests that exploring the user-user dimension might add to the understanding of information effectiveness. It also suggests that an approach to information and health literacy which includes a social as well as an individual perspective is necessary. On quality assessment, it supports findings from other studies that organisational authority is a key measure of reliability for lay users and that quality assessment tools have a limited role in the assessment process. The Net.Weight participants embraced the Internet as a medium for weight management information only when it added value to their existing information and weight management practices and when it could be integrated into their everyday lives

Listening to alternative perspectives on rural crime and criminality: a report on the pilot study.

This summary reports on the pilot phase of an ongoing study, funded by SIPR, into the changing nature of rural crime and what constitutes rural criminality. We set out to listen to alternative perspectives on rural crime and criminality and to speak to employees of agencies other than the police involved in policing rural criminality. We initially believed that such activities might be hampered by a lack of definitional clarity as to what constitutes rural policing and by the focus of the literature on policing per se. However, what the pilot study showed was that much of the criminality which was discussed transcends the artificial boundaries of rurality and urbanity in that it was primarily food crime or food fraud. This has implications for future research into rural crime

Information to fight the flab: findings from the Net.Weight study

The purpose of the paper is to examine information use and information literacy in the context of weight management. It reports on a two-year study funded by the Department of Health known informally as the Net.Weight Study. Net.Weight examined the potential for increased, innovative and effective uses of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to support the self management of weight. The research was conducted in the city of Brighton & Hove by an inter-disciplinary team from the University of Brighton. The paper gives a brief overview of the various methods used in the study as a whole but discusses one strand, the user survey, in more detail. The survey gathered data on people’s information and ICT use around weight management. The design of the survey questionnaire required the adaptation of existing literacy assessment instruments and this process is described in this paper. The findings show that people use a wide range of information sources for information and support around weight management. The most useful sources are slimming groups, food packaging, friends and family, magazines, TV and health books, thus representing a variety of media, formal and informal, and including human sources. The internet was reported to be a useful source for around half the survey respondents and is most often used for information about diet and exercise. A majority of respondents described themselves as active information seekers and confident about their information skills. They are less confident about internet information than information generally and even less confident about using the internet to support weight management activities. The concept of literacies, particularly around information and health, provide a framework for examining the Net.Weight findings. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for health information policy and for those interested in applying information literacy theory to health. The role of healthcare practitioners in weight management information is addressed, as is the need for targeted rather than generic health information. It is suggested that the work done in the education sector to increase awareness of information literacy and improve skills could provide a useful model of good practice in a health context. However, the evidence provided by the Net.Weight study suggests that for such an approach to be relevant it needs to reflect the complexity of health information processes in everyday lives